Currently 2% of the UK diabetic population is thought to be registered blind, which means that a person with diabetes has a 10 - 20 fold increased risk of blindness.
Risk Factors for developing / worsening of diabetic retinopathy:
- Duration of diabetes
- Type of diabetes (proliferative disease in type 1 and maculopathy in type 2)
- Poor diabetic / glycaemic control
- Hypertension
- Diabetic nephropathy
- Pregnancy
- Alcohol (variable results which may be related to the type of alcohol involved eg worse in Scotland than Italy)
- Smoking (variable results but appears worse in young people with exudates and older women with proliferative disease)
- Ethnic origin
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